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Course: Ocular Kaposi Sarcoma Associated With Systemic Disease and Complete Resolution After Medical Therapy

CME Credits: 1.00

Released: 2022-11-17

A man in his mid-50s with previously untreated HIV 1 infection presented with bilateral, violaceous, caruncular lesions. Examination of the left eye showed a violaceous, firm, pedunculated mass protruding nearly 10 mm, extending into the adjacent conjunctiva, and additional eyelid lesions with mild edema (, A). Pathologic examination of similar-appearing oral mucosa lesions showed vascular and spindle cell proliferation with fascicles of atypical spindle cells that stained strongly for human herpesvirus 8, CD31, and erythroblast transformation specific–related gene, confirming a diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma. Further evaluation revealed a CD4 helper T-cell count of 13 cells/?L and bilateral lung and possible liver involvement. The patient started highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and liposomal doxorubicin treatment given the presence of concurrent systemic disease. Nearly 8 months later, examination showed complete regression of bilateral ocular lesions (, B). Ocular Kaposi sarcoma is rarely described as an AIDS-defining illness., Importantly, active eye disease may be associated with systemic disease.


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