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Course: Trigeminal Ganglionopathy on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging—A Rare Etiology

CME Credits: 1.00

Released: 2024-01-08

A 56-year-old man presented with 4 months’ history of burning paresthesia on the right side of his face that extended from the forehead to the angle of the mouth. He had loss of pain and temperature sensations along the right side of the face in V1 and V2 more than V3 distribution of trigeminal nerve. Periorbital swelling and hyperpigmentation were noticed on the right side (Figure 1A). Clinically, we suspected trigeminal neuropathy with a lesion at the level of cavernous sinus due to involvement of V1 and V2 more than V3 branches. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was suggestive of Meckel cave enlargement with trigeminal ganglion effacement. On detailed examination, a hypopigmented patch on the anterior chest was noticed (Figure 1B), which was initially missed due to his dark skin. Skin biopsy of both periorbital skin and anterior chest lesions was suggestive of borderline tuberculoid downgrading to lepromatous leprosy.


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