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Research Article: The Association between 24 h Movement Guidelines and Internalising and Externalising Behaviour Problems among Chinese Preschool Children

Date Published: 2023-06-30

Abstract:
This study examined the relationship between adherence to 24 h movement guidelines (24 h MGs) and internalising and externalising behavioural problems in Chinese children aged 3–6 years, with a specific focus on the differences between weekdays and weekends. The guidelines include recommendations for physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep duration (SD). The results indicated a stronger association between adherence to these guidelines and behavioural problems on weekends compared to weekdays. Specifically, the odds of experiencing internalising problems were 1.33 higher (95% CI: 1.05–1.69) when not satisfying all three behaviours compared to not satisfying one or two. Moreover, on weekends, when ST was not fulfilled, there was a higher likelihood of externalising behaviour problems compared to when it was fulfilled (OR, 1.18, 95% CI, 1.01–1.38), and when all three behaviours were not met, the likelihood was even higher (OR, 1.50, 95% CI, 1.04–2.18). Children who met all three guidelines had fewer internalising and externalising behavioural problems, suggesting a potential beneficial effect on mental health. The study revealed that a higher adherence to these recommendations corresponded to a lower risk of mental health problems. Additionally, higher screen time was linked to an increase in externalising behavioural issues. These findings underscore the importance of adherence to 24 h MGs for optimal mental health in children. Future interventions should consider these behavioural factors and incorporate strategies to promote adherence to these guidelines, particularly on weekends.

Introduction:
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports growing concerns regarding the scope and impact of mental illness in children, with an estimated 10–20% of children and adolescents worldwide suffering from mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and aggressive behaviours [1]. Approximately 70% of mental illnesses develop during childhood and adolescence, and it is predicted that 15–25% of the world population will experience at least one mental health problem before the age of 19 years [2]. In China, the…

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