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Research Article: Metabolomics Applied to Pediatric Asthma: What Have We Learnt in the Past 10 Years?

Date Published: 2023-08-25

Abstract:
Background: Asthma is the most common chronic condition in children. It is a complex non-communicable disease resulting from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors and characterized by heterogeneous underlying molecular mechanisms. Metabolomics, as with the other omic sciences, thanks to the joint use of high-throughput technologies and sophisticated multivariate statistical methods, provides an unbiased approach to study the biochemical–metabolic processes underlying asthma. The aim of this narrative review is the analysis of the metabolomic studies in pediatric asthma published in the past 10 years, focusing on the prediction of asthma development, endotype characterization and pharmaco-metabolomics. Methods: A total of 43 relevant published studies were identified searching the MEDLINE/Pubmed database, using the following terms: “asthma” AND “metabolomics”. The following filters were applied: language (English), age of study subjects (0–18 years), and publication date (last 10 years). Results and Conclusions: Several studies were identified within the three areas of interest described in the aim, and some of them likely have the potential to influence our clinical approach in the future. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to validate the findings and to assess the role of the proposed biomarkers as possible diagnostic or prognostic tools to be used in clinical practice.

Introduction:
In the past few decades, a growing contribution to the study of non-communicable diseases has been provided by omic sciences that, thanks to the application of high-throughput technologies, enable the overall characterization of molecular profiles associated with conditions of interest [1]. Metabolomics systematically analyzes metabolites (small molecules that are the intermediate or end products of metabolic reactions) enabling the characterization of the biochemical–metabolic arrangement of a biological sample,…

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