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Research Article: The Significance of Digital Citizenship and Gender in the Relationship between Social Media Usage Time and Self-Esteem among Adolescents: A Secondary Analysis

Date Published: 2023-09-15

Abstract:
This study examined the significance of digital citizenship and gender in the relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem among adolescents. This cross-sectional study was a secondary analysis using national data on 506 Korean adolescents acquired from the 2020 Korea Media Panel Survey. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro. We found that the moderated moderating effects of digital citizenship and gender on the relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem were significant. Both boys and girls had higher self-esteem in groups with higher digital citizenship than in groups with lower digital citizenship. The relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem for boys was positive in the high digital citizenship group and negative in the low digital citizenship group. Conversely, for girls, the relationship between social media usage time and self-esteem was positive in the low digital citizenship group and negative in the high digital citizenship group. It is important to take a differentiated approach that considers the relationship between digital citizenship and gender to promote healthy digital media use and positive self-esteem.

Introduction:
Self-esteem is a subjective judgment about one’s own values [1,2]. It is an important psychological mechanism that explains an individual’s psychological health and adaptation to changes [2]. Positive self-esteem steers emotions and behaviors in a desirable direction [3]. Negative self-esteem is associated with psychological instability, such as depression, deviant behavior, and serious adolescent problems such as suicide [4]. Self-esteem during adolescence is particularly important because it affects an…

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