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Research Article: Long-Term Results after Chiari Pelvic Osteotomy in the Skeletally Immature and the Role of the Anti-Chiari Effect

Date Published: 2023-09-24

Abstract:
Several authors observed a loss of correction after performing Chiari pelvic osteotomy (CPO) in young patients. Hence, the aim of this study was to answer two questions: (1) Does the Chiari pelvic osteotomy affect the development of the acetabulum in skeletally immature patients in the long term? (2) Is there any evidence of the previously described “Anti-Chiari” effect after a mean follow-up of 36 years? Data from 21 patients (27 hips) undergoing CPO before the age of 16 years were clinically assessed, and the evolution of radiological parameters over time was analyzed. The mean age at CPO was 11.2 years (±3; 4.4–15.7). The 20- and 30-year survival rates of the CPO were 100% and 92.6%, respectively. Mean postoperative medialization was 54% (±18; 23–99). The average osteotomy angle was 11° (±7; 2–28). No significant changes were found for the center-edge angle (CEA) and acetabular index (AI) over time; the angle of Idelberger and Frank (ACM) almost reached normal values at follow-up (FU); for the acetabular-head index (AHI), a slight shift toward the initial situation could be detected. The morphology of the acetabulum remained unchanged over time. The “Anti-Chiari effect” seems to be primarily caused by insufficient coverage of the femoral head rather than damage to the apophysis due to surgery.

Introduction:
Acetabular dysplasia is one of the major causes of early-onset osteoarthritis of the hip [1]. Depending on patient’s age and the congruency of the hip joint, different surgical techniques have been described to address the deficient femoral coverage [2,3,4,5,6,7]. Due to unsatisfying results of the formerly popular shelf operations, which were able to create coverage above the femoral head but failed to restore normal biomechanics, as its position was not addressed and, therefore, the physiologic lever arm of the…

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