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Research Article: Seroprevalence of Dengue and Chikungunya Virus Infections in Children Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Date Published: 2023-10-07

Abstract:
Dengue and chikungunya viruses are frequent causes of malarial-like febrile illness in children. The rapid increase in virus transmission by mosquitoes is a global health concern. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the childhood prevalence of dengue and chikungunya in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane Library (Wiley) databases was conducted on 28 June 2019, and updated on 12 February 2022. The search strategy was designed to retrieve all articles pertaining to arboviruses in SSA children using both controlled vocabulary and keywords. The pooled (weighted) proportion of dengue and chikungunya was estimated using a random effect model. The overall pooled prevalence of dengue and chikungunya in SSA children was estimated to be 16% and 7%, respectively. Prevalence was slightly lower during the period 2010–2020 compared to 2000–2009. The study design varied depending on the healthcare facility reporting the disease outbreak. Importantly, laboratory methods used to detect arbovirus infections differed. The present review documents the prevalence of dengue and chikungunya in pediatric patients throughout SSA. The results provide unprecedented insight into the transmission of dengue and chikungunya viruses among these children and highlight the need for enhanced surveillance and controlled methodology.

Introduction:
Arboviruses, including dengue [DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV), are an increasingly important health treat; recurring disease outbreaks have attracted global attention [1,2]. DENV and CHIKV are spreading from their original niche in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Asia to new areas of the world; the World Health Organization (WHO) recently signaled the danger of the rising spread of CHIKV and DENV in the Americas [3,4]. DENV and CHIKV belong to the Flaviviridae and Togaviridae families, respectively. Both viruses can…

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