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Research Article: Relationship between Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Emotional Intelligence in Spanish Primary Education Students

Date Published: 2023-10-07

Abstract:
There is an international social concern about the low levels of physical activity among young people. It is essential to know what factors influence the practice of physical activity in order to design effective proposals for health promotion. The study aims to: (1) classify primary school students according to their levels of out-of-school physical activity, Mediterranean diet, emotional attention, emotional clarity and emotional repair; (2) analyse descriptively and correlationally the adolescents’ profiles of out-of-school physical activity, Mediterranean diet and emotional attention, clarity and repair. The study design was cross-sectional and descriptive–correlational. The sample consisted of 293 children aged 10–12 years in Granada (Spain). An ad hoc socio-academic questionnaire, the KIDMED test and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) were used for data collection. Four clusters were identified by the Ward’s method and participants were classified using the K-means method. Subsequently, cluster classification was validated through the MANOVA test (F (861) = 106.12; p ? 0.001; f = 1.95). The strongest correlation was obtained in cluster 1 between emotional clarity and emotional repair (r = 0.56; p ? 0.01). In conclusion, the mean values of time spent in out-of-school physical activity, Mediterranean diet, emotional attention, emotional clarity and emotional repair of students are adequate and vary according to sex. There are significant differences among the physical activity levels of all clusters, as well as among the emotional variables of attention, clarity and repair. In addition, the correlations between the variables studied vary in each cluster.

Introduction:
Several studies have highlighted the need to investigate physical, emotional and social development during this stage of human development [1,2], as it is during this period that behavioural habits are acquired that will be maintained during adulthood [3], such as the physical activity practice [4]. The study by Zych et al. [5] states that alcohol and tobacco consumption begins to originate in the early stages of adolescence, being related to increased social recognition. Another habit of special concern is…

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