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Research Article: Dermatomyositis with Eosinophils

Date Published: 2023-11-21

Abstract:
Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy that often presents with symmetric proximal skeletal muscle weakness and characteristic skin findings. Typical skin biopsy findings include vacuolar changes of the basal layer, increased dermal mucin, and a predominantly lymphocytic infiltrate. We report a case of dermatomyositis presenting as intensely pruritic papules and plaques, with initial histopathology being atypical of dermatomyositis due to the presence of eosinophils. The initial biopsy demonstrated a superficial dermatitis with eosinophils, initially thought to represent a drug eruption. A second biopsy of the same cutaneous manifestation was performed at a later time given high clinical suspicion for dermatomyositis and demonstrated a more classic vacuolar interface dermatitis with increased mucin and an absence of eosinophils. Notably, increased pruritus was specifically associated with the lesion that demonstrated tissue eosinophilia. The case illustrates the importance of considering tissue eosinophilia in the histologic presentation of dermatomyositis.

Introduction:
Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disorder affecting connective tissue, characterized by unique hallmark skin manifestations and weakness in proximal muscles. Since its initial documentation by Unverricht in 1887, dermatomyositis has been a subject of fascination for medical researchers and clinicians alike, spurring extensive research into its origin, epidemiology, and clinical presentation. Dermatomyositis has an estimated incidence of 9.63 per million persons and a prevalence of 21.42 per 100,000 persons [1]. It…

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