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Research Article: Development and validation of two nomograms for predicting overall survival and Cancer-specific survival in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases: a population-based study

Date Published: 2023-12-05

Abstract:
Prostate cancer with bone metastasis has significant invasiveness and markedly poorer prognosis. The purpose of this study is to establish two nomograms for predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis.

Introduction:
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy of the male reproductive system and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with adenocarcinoma accounting for 90% of cases [1,2,3]. Although the use of PSA testing for early detection has improved survival rates, many patients still cannot undergo such testing and are diagnosed in advanced stages [4]. Over 90% of advanced prostate cancer patients develop bone metastasis (BM) [5], shortening median survival time to approximately 1.5–2?years [6].…

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