Research Article: Correlation of Great Chinese Famine Exposure During Early Life to Prevalence of Kidney Stone in Adulthood
Abstract:
Kidney stone disease is one of the oldest diseases known to medicine and a global health care problem, with a high recurrence rate after stone removal. Despite numerous preventive measures were taken, the prevalence of kidney stone disease was increasing worldwide. Importantly, severe kidney stone could lead to serious complications such as hydronephrosis and kidney failure, and it was also one of the important risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Therefore, it was thus crucial to develop effective strategies to prevent the formation of new or recurrent stone. It was now generally accepted that urinary supersaturation and crystallization, Randall’s plaques formation, sex hormones dysfunction, the microbiome and the immune response were five entirely different main mechanisms for kidney stone formation. However, the mechanisms of stone formation and development remain largely unclear.
Introduction:
Kidney stone disease is one of the oldest diseases known to medicine and a global health care problem, with a high recurrence rate after stone removal. Despite numerous preventive measures were taken, the prevalence of kidney stone disease was increasing worldwide. Importantly, severe kidney stone could lead to serious complications such as hydronephrosis and kidney failure, and it was also one of the important risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Therefore, it was thus crucial to develop effective strategies…
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