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Research Article: The Association of Reproductive Hormones During the Menstrual Period with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Date Published: 2023-10-09

Introduction:
Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as one type of dysmenorrhea without organic lesions in female reproductive organs. Menstrual pain mainly occurs in the lower abdomen, and the main symptoms are spasmodic pain possibly followed by abdominal distention, fatigue, headache, nausea, etc. Moderate and severe dysmenorrhea has even become a major reason for work absence and physical activity limitation in young women. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in young women ranges from .% to .% in countries worldwide. – The prevalence…

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