Research Article: Research of Antibiotic Residues and Bacterial Strain’s Antibiotic Resistance Profile in the Liquid Effluents Evacuated in Nature by Two CHUs and a Mixed WWTP of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)
Abstract:
The emergence of micro-pollutants and pathogenic bacteria in nature is a public health problem that several global health actors are trying to curb., Indeed, surface waters receive daily from urban discharges generally very loaded with contaminants including resistant pathogenic bacteria, antibiotic residues and metallic trace elements represent potential threats to biodiversity and source of infection for users of the area’s receivers., Among these sources of pollution, hospital liquid effluents occupy a special place from the point of view of the diversity of antibiotic residues and multi-resistant bacteria that they would harbor.– Indeed, it has been strong to note by several authors around the world, a multitude of residual contaminants of antibiotics, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, etc., in hospital liquid effluents.,– In addition, other investigations have reported in hospital liquid effluents multi-resistant and pathogenic bacteria, predominantly E. coli, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella, which are also the most involved in human and animal pathologies.– Thus, mismanagement of hospital liquid effluents would constitute major sources of pollution with antibiotic residues and developing pathogenic bacteria in receiving areas. This could promote high risks of waterborne infections and the dissemination of forms of environmental bacterial multi-resistance to antibiotics in the human and animal community of these areas receiving said effluents., However, in the southern Saharan zone, this would have serious consequences because the scarcity and the very high cost of drinking water have led to choices to develop market gardening activities, less intensive fishing, watering for livestock around the waters. Wastewater generated by urban activities., Mismanagement of these effluents would have even more negative impacts in landlocked countries such as Burkina Faso. In fact, in Burkina Faso, water resources are even rarer than in coastal countries. Thus, the use of wastewater from large Burkinabe urban centers such as Ouagadougou, Bobo Dioulasso has become the first option in activities such as market gardening, watering animals in these urban centers and their outskirts., However, during its routine wastewater analyzes National Office for Water and Sanitation (ONEA), in charge of water management in Burkina Faso, only carries out few parameters including COD, BOD, pH, temperature and conductivity. In addition, these checks are carried out only on a few sites whose liquid effluents from very few hospitals are monitored. On the other hand, several investigations have reported microbial contaminants. The predominant one’s being E. coli, S. aureus and genus Pseudomonas and Salmonella in market gardening products, pipe water and water from dams in the city of Ouagadougou and its peripheral areas.,– However, suspicions have been raised that microbial contaminants originating from hospital liquid effluents are at the root of the soiling of these vegetables and these surface waters. Investigation’s purpose was to provide microbial and residual contaminants’ first information. In Ouagadougou, microbial and residual contaminants can abound University Hospitals liquid’s discharges and mixed treatment plants generated in nature. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the antibiotic residues and the phenotype of antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolated in the liquid effluents coming from the CHU (Bogodogo and Yalgado Ouédraogo) and the WWTS of Kossodo at Ouagadougou.
Introduction:
The emergence of micro-pollutants and pathogenic bacteria in nature is a public health problem that several global health actors are trying to curb. , Indeed, surface waters receive daily from urban discharges generally very loaded with contaminants including resistant pathogenic bacteria, antibiotic residues and metallic trace elements represent potential threats to biodiversity and source of infection for users of the area’s receivers. , Among these sources of pollution, hospital liquid effluents occupy a…
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