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Research Article: Beneficial Effect of Toxoplasma gondii Infection on the Prognosis of Breast Cancer Was Modified by Cytokines

Date Published: 2023-04-24

Abstract:
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular protozoan that infects approximately one-third of the global population. T. gondii can be acquired through food or water contaminated with the parasite or by vertical transmission from mother to child. Typically, T. gondii infection is asymptomatic or self-limiting but can cause severe toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised hosts and severe damage to the fetus during pregnancy., Interestingly, T. gondii possesses anticancer activity, as shown in animal models, by secreting cancer-associated mucin-type O-glycans, rhoptry proteins (ROPs), and dense granule antigens (GRAs) that activate the host antigen-presenting system to inhibit tumor growth., After efficiently promoting activation of cellular immunity, it also inhibits progression of various cancers in animal models, such as melanoma, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer., A recent study revealed that T. gondii DNA is present in malignant breast tissues of humans. Several studies have shown a higher prevalence of T. gondii infection in cancer patients than in healthy controls, including breast cancer patients,– but whether infection by T. gondii might affect the prognosis of cancer patients has yet to be explored.

Introduction:
Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) is an obligate intracellular protozoan that infects approximately one-third of the global population. T. gondii can be acquired through food or water contaminated with the parasite or by vertical transmission from mother to child. Typically, T. gondii infection is asymptomatic or self-limiting but can cause severe toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised hosts and severe damage to the fetus during pregnancy. , Interestingly, T. gondii possesses anticancer activity, as shown in animal…

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