Research Article: Risk Factors for Short-Term and Long-Term Low Back Pain After Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Introduction:
Low back pain is anatomically defined as pain from the th rib to the iliac crest, sometimes overlapping with discomfort extending from the iliac crest to the gluteal folds. Worldwide, low back pain stands as the second most prevalent contributor to adult disability. The occurrence of low back pain during one’s lifetime ranges from % to %, and the annual economic burden associated with this condition is estimated at approximately $ billion on a national scale. The origins of low back pain encompass factors such as…
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