Research Article: Psychiatric Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Regarding Physical Restraint in China: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract:
The concept of “restraint” involves various techniques and degrees of coercion and implementation. There is no consensus on the definition of “restraint” in official organizations, laws and regulations, or scientific literature, and it is understood in two broad and narrow senses in practice. It covers both physical and chemical restraint, with physical restraint including both environmental and mechanical restraint. Although “physical restraint” is not the sole type of restraint, it represents the psychiatric restraint par excellence, and in international psychiatry, “restraint” is commonly referred to as “physical restraint (PR)”, which may be manual or mechanical. In China, PR refers to the use of restraint instruments to immobilize the patient so that he or she is unable to move freely in position or limb movement, and is most commonly used clinically with physical restraint belts. In contrast to restraint, the concept of seclusion seems to be clearer; seclusion refers to the solitary confinement of a patient with mental disorder in a designated enclosed environment while preventing communication with the outside world. If a patient with mental disease is confined in a specific enclosed place alongside others, this is not considered seclusion.
Introduction:
The concept of “restraint” involves various techniques and degrees of coercion and implementation. There is no consensus on the definition of “restraint” in official organizations, laws and regulations, or scientific literature, and it is understood in two broad and narrow senses in practice. It covers both physical and chemical restraint, with physical restraint including both environmental and mechanical restraint. Although “physical restraint” is not the sole type of restraint, it represents the psychiatric…
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