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Research Article: Knowledge Mapping of Opioids and Immunomodulation: A Bibliometric Analysis (–)

Date Published: 2023-05-06

Abstract:
The term “opioids” is used broadly to describe all compounds that work at the opioid receptors, which have a long history of medicinal use. Three classical opioid receptors, which are all homologous G protein–coupled receptors — known as mu (?), delta (?), and kappa (?) — were renamed MOP, DOP, KOP, respectively, in . Endogenous opioids include enkephalin (binds to DOP), dynorphin (binds to KOP), endorphin, and endomorphine (binds to MOP). The nociceptin peptide receptor is classified as a nonopioid branch of the opioid receptor family, which cannot be reversed by naloxone. Opioid receptors are widely distributed in the human body and are vitally involved in many physiological processes. They are most prevalent in the central and peripheral nervous system and play a major role in pain processing, human mood, reward, and well-being, but are also widely expressed in many other tissue types regulating such functions as reproduction, growth, respiration, and immunological response.–

Introduction:
The term “opioids” is used broadly to describe all compounds that work at the opioid receptors, which have a long history of medicinal use. Three classical opioid receptors, which are all homologous G protein–coupled receptors — known as mu (?), delta (?), and kappa (?) — were renamed MOP, DOP, KOP, respectively, in . Endogenous opioids include enkephalin (binds to DOP), dynorphin (binds to KOP), endorphin, and endomorphine (binds to MOP). The nociceptin peptide receptor is classified as a nonopioid branch of the…

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