Research Article: Integrated Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology to Reveal the Mechanisms of Gandouling Tablets Against Copper-Overload-Induced Neuronal Injury in Rats with Wilson’s Disease
Introduction:
Wilson’s disease (WD) is a copper excretion disorder caused by a copper transporter P-type ATPase gene (ATPB) mutation. Copper accumulates abundantly in most organs, remarkably the eyes, liver, and brain, during disease progression, resulting in liver, brain, kidney, musculoskeletal and other symptoms. Copper accumulation, which which alters gene expression, mitochondrial function, protein suppression, and oxidative stress, may be the cause The excessive accumulation of copper in astrocytes in the brain breaches…
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