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Research Article: Concern on Skin Lightening Product Safety: Level of Awareness and Associated Factors Among Female Users in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

Date Published: 2023-07-07

Abstract:
Skin lightening is a skin de-pigmenting cosmetic practice with the purpose of making the skin tone bright or enhancing the complexion. This can be achieved by lessening the melanin concentration attempting to reduce its physiological skin-coloring effect. Skin lightening products (SLPs) contain elements such as arbutin, kojic acid, mercury, ascorbic acid, and hydroquinone that cause skin safety problems such as rash, melasma and irreversible darkening. A systematic review on SLPs and their ingredients for safety, and health risk categorized the sources of ingredients with safety into three broad categories: Halal-Safe, Haram-Prohibited, and Critical-Need for Evaluation. Based on this categorization, mercury, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, arsenic, and hydroquinone are classified as critical ingredients which need evaluation. Females use these products to treat skin problems such as dark spots, acne scars, or hormone-related discolorations, and to enhance bleaching. SLPs act on the skin through different mechanisms such as inhibition of tyrosinase transcription, hastening of epidermal turnover, inhibition of melanosome transfer, and countering inflammatory and free radical activities. As the rate limiting step in melanin production is arbitrated by tyrosinase enzyme, acting on this enzyme will have a determinant effect on skin patterns.

Introduction:
Skin lightening is a skin de-pigmenting cosmetic practice with the purpose of making the skin tone bright or enhancing the complexion. This can be achieved by lessening the melanin concentration attempting to reduce its physiological skin-coloring effect. Skin lightening products (SLPs) contain elements such as arbutin, kojic acid, mercury, ascorbic acid, and hydroquinone that cause skin safety problems such as rash, melasma and irreversible darkening. A systematic review on SLPs and their ingredients for safety,…

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