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Research Article: Short-Term Intravenous Administration of Carbon Nano-Onions is Non-Toxic in Female Mice

Date Published: 2023-07-17

Abstract:
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are a family of materials composed primarily of carbon atoms arranged in a unique structure on a nanoscale. Since the discovery of C fullerene in , the remarkable geometries, physical and chemical properties of CNMs have drawn attention for their potential use as a drug delivery system and diagnostic agent. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most extensively studied CNMs. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are cylindrical tubes made up of rolled-up sheets of graphene, whereas multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) consist of multiple layers of concentric SWCNTs, typically a few nanometers in diameter and up to several microns in length., This unique nanoscale structure offers CNTs superior properties suitable for drug delivery, including high drug loading capacity and excellent cellular uptake. However, concerns have emerged regarding the toxicity of CNTs as numerous toxicological studies have identified that CNTs can elicit a pathogenic response, including hepatotoxicity, inhibition of cytochrome Ps (CYPs), nephrotoxicity, pulmonary fibrosis and immunotoxicity. Furthermore, CNTs have a similar structure to asbestos fibers, and MWCNT- (long, rigid CNT) has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group B) following studies showing that intraperitoneal injection of MWCNTs caused mesothelioma in rodents.– The definite cause of CNT toxicity is not fully understood, but the accumulation of CNTs (primarily in the liver, spleen and lungs) and subsequent generation of oxidative stress has been attributed as one of the key mechanisms of CNT toxicity. However, functionalization of SWCNTs with ZnO-Ag and ZnO-Au has shown bactericidal activity and developing a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-polyethyleneimine biocompatible copolymer for SWCNTs has shown cytotoxicity toward breast cancer cells. Thus, work on improving the biocompatibility of CNTs continues along with continued research on other carbon nanomaterials.

Introduction:
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are a family of materials composed primarily of carbon atoms arranged in a unique structure on a nanoscale. Since the discovery of C fullerene in , the remarkable geometries, physical and chemical properties of CNMs have drawn attention for their potential use as a drug delivery system and diagnostic agent. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most extensively studied CNMs. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are cylindrical tubes made up of rolled-up sheets of graphene, whereas…

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