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Research Article: Electroacupuncture Pretreatment Attenuates Learning Memory Impairment Induced by Repeated Propofol Exposure and Modulates Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in Rats

Date Published: 2023-10-16

Abstract:
Millions of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers undergo general anesthesia annually for various surgical procedures in China, and propofol is the most frequently used drug for this purpose. Although propofol has been deemed safe for the adult brain in current clinical practice, it is unclear whether it is safe for the developing brain. Multiple animal studies have reported that high doses of propofol or repeated exposures to the drug can cause long-term learning and memory impairment in animals.– The toxic effects of propofol are predominantly evidenced by the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, degradation of synaptic structures, and neuroinflammatory responses, with the developing brain displaying a heightened susceptibility to such effects., The developing brain exhibits diminished compensatory responses to injurious stimuli and heightened susceptibility to anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity., In humans, the developing brain denotes the period from the third trimester of pregnancy until three years of age, whereas in rats, the peak neuronal development occurs around one to two weeks post-birth., Although propofol’s use in infant and child anesthesia has been extensive with low incidence of adverse reactions, safety concerns surrounding its use warrants substantial attention. Consequently, the cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways mediating propofol-induced learning memory impairment remain unclear. Consequently, various protective measures to mitigate such impairment have emerged in recent year.–

Introduction:
Millions of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers undergo general anesthesia annually for various surgical procedures in China, and propofol is the most frequently used drug for this purpose. Although propofol has been deemed safe for the adult brain in current clinical practice, it is unclear whether it is safe for the developing brain. Multiple animal studies have reported that high doses of propofol or repeated exposures to the drug can cause long-term learning and memory impairment in animals. – The toxic…

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