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Research Article: Uptake of four or more doses of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy in Zambia: findings from the 2018 malaria in pregnancy survey

Date Published: 2023-05-26

Abstract:
Objective To determine the prevalence and predictors of the uptake of four or more doses of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP 4+) in Zambia. Design A cross-sectional study using secondary data from the malaria in pregnancy survey (Malaria Indicator Survey) data set conducted from April to May 2018. Setting The primary survey was conducted at community level and covered all the 10 provinces of Zambia. Participants A total of 3686?women of reproductive age (15–45 years) who gave birth within the 5?years before the survey. Primary outcome Proportion of participants with four or more doses of IPTp-SP. Statistical analysis All analyses were conducted using RStudio statistical software V.4.2.1. Descriptive statistics were computed to summarise participant characteristics and IPTp-SP uptake. Univariate logistic regression was carried out to determine association between the explanatory and outcome variables. Explanatory variables with a p value less than 0.20 on univariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model and crude and adjusted ORs (aORs) along with their 95% CIs were computed (p<0.05). Results Of the total sample of 1163, only 7.5% of participants received IPTp-SP 4+. Province of residence and wealth tertile were associated with uptake of IPTp-SP doses; participants from Luapula (aOR=8.72, 95%?CI (1.72 to 44.26, p=0.009)) and Muchinga (aOR=6.67, 95%?CI (1.19 to 37.47, p=0.031)) provinces were more likely to receive IPTp-SP 4+ compared with?to those from Copperbelt province. Conversely, women in the highest wealth tertile were less likely to receive IPTp-SP 4+ doses compared with those in the lowest quintile (aOR=0.32; 95%?CI (0.13 to 0.79, p=0.014)). Conclusion These findings confirm a low uptake of four or more doses of IPTp-SP in the country. Strategies should focus on increased coverage of IPTp-SP in provinces with much higher malaria burden where the risk is greatest and the ability to afford healthcare lowest.

Introduction:
Globally, there are an estimated 247?million cases of malaria reported from 84 malaria-endemic countries, with the majority (95%) being reported from the WHO African Region. Sub-Saharan Africa is disproportionately affected, accounting for an estimated 350–500?million cases, 1–3?million deaths, 10?000 maternal and 200?000 neonatal deaths per year. 1 2 With an estimated 125?million pregnant women being at risk of contracting malaria globally, malaria in pregnancy (MIP) remains an important preventable cause of…

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