Research Article: Outcomes and complications of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery: a scoping review protocol
Abstract:
Introduction Continually rising life expectancy and a shift towards an ageing population are resulting in an increasing population of nonagenarians. By 2030, the global population of nonagenarians is expected to exceed 30?million. The incidence of symptomatic cardiac disease is reported to occur in 25% of those aged over 75 years. Therefore, the number of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery is also expected to increase. A linear relationship between advanced age and surgical risk has previously been demonstrated; however, it is not yet known whether this knowledge extends to the perioperative course and mortality of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery. This scoping review aims to review the literature, assess whether a deficiency exists in the published literature and potentially identify knowledge gaps to guide future efforts to improve the understanding of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods and analysis Following the relevant aspects of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Review guidelines, electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library will be systematically searched, with additional reference tracking of eligible studies. Studies reporting the outcomes of nonagenarians undergoing open cardiac surgery or minimally invasive cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass will be included. Screening and data extraction will be performed by two reviewers independently. The data will be analysed and summarised descriptively with a narrative approach. Qualitative data that capture quality-of-life outcomes will be subjected to thematic analysis where feasible. Additionally, reporting results will highlight similarities and differences in nonagenarian selection for surgery. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was not required. The findings will be disseminated through professional networks, conference presentations and publications in scientific journals.
Introduction:
The average life expectancy of a child born in 1970 in a high-income country is 70.2 years. This increased to 75.3 years in the 1990s, and presently, life expectancy is reported to be 81 years of age if the current mortality rates do not change. The global population of nonagenarians (persons between 90 and 99 years of age) is also increasing. In 2015, there were 16.3?million nonagenarians, with this number expected to rise exponentially to approximately 30.9?million people by 2030. 1 Innovative advances in…
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