Research Article: Association between serum ALT levels and incidence of new-onset diabetes in general population of Japanese: a longitudinal observational study (ISSA-CKD)
Abstract:
Objective We aimed to clarify the relationship between serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and incidence of new-onset diabetes in a Japanese general population. Setting Population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health check-up data for residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Participants A total of 5330 Japanese individuals (?30?years old) without diabetes at baseline were analysed. Primary and secondary outcome measures Serum ALT levels were determined using an enzymatic method and were classified into gender-specific quartile groups as follows: group 1 (3–16?U/L in men and 3–13?U/L in women), group 2 (17–21?U/L in men and 14–16?U/L in women), group 3 (22–29?U/L in men and 17–22?U/L in women) and group 4 (30–428?U/L in men and 23–268?U/L in women). The study outcome was the incidence of diabetes (fasting glucose ?7.0?mmol/L, non-fasting glucose ?11.1?mmol/L, glycated haemoglobin ?6.5%?or use of glucose-lowering therapies). Results After an average follow-up period of 5.0 years, 279 individuals developed diabetes. The incidence rate of diabetes increased with elevation of serum ALT levels (0.7% per 100 person-years in group 1, 0.9% in group 2, 0.9% in group 3 and 1.7% in group 4) (p<0.001 for trend). This association was significant after adjustment for other risk factors including age, sex, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking, current daily alcohol intake and regular exercise (p<0.001 for trend). Comparable associations were observed between men and women (p=0.459 for interaction). Conclusion Serum ALT levels were associated with future development of diabetes in the general Japanese population.
Introduction:
In 2014, diabetes was estimated to affect 422?million adults worldwide (8.5% of the world total population). Furthermore, according to the 2012 data, 1.5?million people worldwide died as a direct result of diabetes. In addition, 2.2?million people die from cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and infectious diseases presumed to be caused by hyperglycaemia. 1 2 Effective prevention of diabetes, subsequent macrovascular and microvascular complications and deaths directly/indirectly related to…
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