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Research Article: Sequence analysis of sickness absence and disability pension days in 2012–2018 among privately employed white-collar workers in Sweden: a prospective cohort study

Date Published: 2023-12-13

Abstract:
Objective The aim of the study is to explore sequences of sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP) days from 2012 to 2018 among privately employed white-collar workers. Design A 7-year prospective cohort study using microdata from nationwide registers. Setting Sweden. Participants All 1 283 516 privately employed white-collar workers in Sweden in 2012 aged 18–67. Methods Sequence analysis was used to describe clusters of individuals who followed similar development of SA and DP net days/year, and multinomial logistic regression to analyse associations between sociodemographic variables and belonging to each observed cluster of sequences. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were adjusted for baseline sociodemographics. Results We identified five clusters of SA and DP sequences: (1) ‘low or no SA or DP’ (88.7% of the population), (2) ‘SA due to other than mental diagnosis’ (5.2%), (3) ‘SA due to mental diagnosis’ (3.4%), (4) ‘not eligible for SA or DP’ (1.4%) and (5) ‘DP’ (1.2%). Men, highly educated, born outside Sweden and high-income earners were more likely to belong to the first and the fourth cluster (ORs 1.13–4.49). The second, third and fifth clusters consisted mainly of women, low educated and low-income (ORs 1.22–8.90). There were only small differences between branches of industry in adjusted analyses, and many were not significant. Conclusion In general, only a few privately employed white-collar workers had SA and even fewer had DP during the 7-year follow-up. The risk of belonging to a cluster characterised by SA or DP varied by sex, levels of education and income, and other sociodemographic factors.

Introduction:
Sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP) have adverse consequences for individuals, their employers and welfare states. The development of SA and DP is often a long process and varies with type of occupation and work tasks. 1 2 In general, white-collar workers have a lower risk of SA and DP compared with other occupational groups. 3–5 Nevertheless, they constitute a large part of the workforce—approximately half in Sweden in 2018, 6 and about half of them are privately employed. 7 Thus, work incapacity in…

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