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Research Article: A Novel Informatics Tool to Detect Periprocedural Antibiotic Allergy Adverse Events for Near Real-time Surveillance to Support Audit and Feedback

Date Published: 2023-05-17

Abstract:
Importance  Standardized processes for identifying when allergic-type reactions occur and linking reactions to drug exposures are limited. Objective  To develop an informatics tool to improve detection of antibiotic allergic-type events. Design, Setting, and Participants  This retrospective cohort study was conducted from October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2019, with data analyzed between July 1, 2021, and January 31, 2022. The study was conducted across Veteran Affairs hospitals among patients who underwent cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) procedures and received periprocedural antibiotic prophylaxis. The cohort was split into training and test cohorts, and cases were manually reviewed to determine presence of allergic-type reaction and its severity. Variables potentially indicative of allergic-type reactions were selected a priori and included allergies entered in the Veteran Affair’s Allergy Reaction Tracking (ART) system (either historical [reported] or observed), allergy diagnosis codes, medications administered to treat allergic reactions, and text searches of clinical notes for keywords and phrases indicative of a potential allergic-type reaction. A model to detect allergic-type reaction events was iteratively developed on the training cohort and then applied to the test cohort. Algorithm test characteristics were assessed. Exposure  Preprocedural and postprocedural prophylactic antibiotic administration.

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