Research Article: Expression of PD-L1 clones (22C3 and 28-8) in hepatocellular carcinoma: a tertiary cancer care hospital experience
Introduction:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest form of liver malignancies, constituting over 90% of the primary tumors of the liver [1]. It is a leading cause of cancer-associated morbidity and mortality across the globe [2]. It continues to pose a significant public health challenge, with projections indicating an estimated incidence of over 1 million deaths by 2030 [3]. Despite promising trials, systemic therapies for HCC remain limited, emphasizing an unmet clinical need [4]. However, recent advancements in…
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