Research Article: Eugenol Inhibits Ox-LDL-Induced Proliferation and Migration of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Inhibiting the Ang II/MFG-E/MCP- Signaling Cascade
Introduction:
Cardiovascular disease has one of the highest incidence and mortality rates in the world. It is primarily caused by atherosclerosis. Numerous factors contribute to the incidence and development of atherosclerosis, with the primary initiating factors being abnormal lipid deposition and oxidation. When low-density lipoprotein is oxidized and modified to form oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), it can activate endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to produce various inflammatory and…
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