Research Article: The Prevalence and Association of Different Uropathogens Detected by M-PCR with Infection-Associated Urine Biomarkers in Urinary Tract Infections
Abstract:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections of any part of the urinary tract, generally grouped into lower UTI, called cystitis, in which the infection is confined to the bladder, and upper UTI, called pyelonephritis, in which the infection has spread to the kidneys. UTIs constitute a significant healthcare burden worldwide. A diagnosis of UTI is a leading cause of prescribed antibiotic usage in outpatients, with most infections being treated empirically. Most UTIs occur in otherwise healthy, sexually active, young adult females, in whom anatomic and lifestyle factors result in a predisposition to cystitis. However, while simple UTIs, particularly cystitis, are typically managed successfully with empirically prescribed antibiotics in an outpatient setting, patients with additional risk factors often require guided treatment. Newborns, children, elderly adults, and persons with diabetes or other comorbidities are at increased risk for recurrent and/or complicated UTIs (r/cUTIs)., These groups, particularly elderly adults, have higher treatment failure rates and poorer outcomes, such as UTI recurrence, urosepsis, and even death). In r/cUTIs accounted for approximately >, hospitalizations at an estimated mean cost of $, per hospitalization (non-CAUTI related) in the US. As the threat of microbial antibiotic resistance continues to increase, providing the correct antibiotic treatment quickly enough to avoid prolonged empiric therapy is a growing concern among healthcare stakeholders.–
Introduction:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections of any part of the urinary tract, generally grouped into lower UTI, called cystitis, in which the infection is confined to the bladder, and upper UTI, called pyelonephritis, in which the infection has spread to the kidneys. UTIs constitute a significant healthcare burden worldwide. A diagnosis of UTI is a leading cause of prescribed antibiotic usage in outpatients, with most infections being treated empirically. Most UTIs occur in otherwise healthy, sexually active,…
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