Research Article: Intraluminal Thrombus of the Extracranial Cerebral Arteries in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Manifestations, Treatment Strategies, and Outcome
Abstract:
Intraluminal thrombus (ILT) is an infrequent finding that can lead to an acute or recurrent ischemic stroke. It is defined as an elongated thrombus attached to the arterial wall with circumferential blood flow at its most distal aspect and cyclical motion relating to cardiac cycles. Hence, it is sometimes referred to as a free-floating thrombus (FFT). ILT is also known as intraluminal clot,, intraluminal non-occlusive thrombus, and the doughnut sign. ILT is commonly seen in the cervical arteries, such as the common carotid artery, internal carotid artery (ICA), and vertebral artery, but can also occur in the intracranial segments and other extra cervical arteries, such as the arch of the aorta, the brachiocephalic artery, and the subclavian artery., The prevalence of ILT among patients with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) is around .%, according to recent studies using computed tomography angiography (CTA). ILT is more common in men than women, with a ratio of :., It has different overlapping pathologies with differing clinical implications. The most common etiology is a complication of an atherosclerotic or ulcerated plaque. Other medical and multifactorial conditions include hypercoagulability, autoimmune diseases, carotid artery aneurysm, dissection, cardiogenic embolism, cancer, and trauma., ILT can be readily detected with color Doppler studies and confirmed, if necessary, with a contrast-enhanced examination (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging).,, Due to the high risk of recurrent stroke and lack of evidence to direct appropriate treatment for ILT, its management is considered a therapeutic challenge and remains poorly defined.,
Introduction:
Intraluminal thrombus (ILT) is an infrequent finding that can lead to an acute or recurrent ischemic stroke. It is defined as an elongated thrombus attached to the arterial wall with circumferential blood flow at its most distal aspect and cyclical motion relating to cardiac cycles. Hence, it is sometimes referred to as a free-floating thrombus (FFT). ILT is also known as intraluminal clot, , intraluminal non-occlusive thrombus, and the doughnut sign. ILT is commonly seen in the cervical arteries, such as the…
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