Research Article: The Programmed Cell Death Ligand and Lipocalin Expressions in Primary Breast Cancer and Their Associations with Molecular Subtypes and Prognostic Factors
Introduction:
Breast cancer is a tumor with different morphologies and complex molecular subtypes, and therefore has various prognostic outcomes that require different treatment approaches. A widely accepted breast cancer classification comprise at least four distinct molecular subtypes based on immunohistochemical evaluation of hormone receptors: Luminal A, Luminal B, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor positive (HER+), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Especially in TNBCs, which are characterized by the absence of…
Read more