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Research Article: Successful Desensitization to Sorafenib and Imatinib—A Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review

Date Published: 2024-03-07

Abstract:
Background: Drug desensitization allows for safe administration of a drug to a patient with a previous hypersensitivity reaction. Successful desensitization protocols have been described for different medications, including protocols for oncology patients. Few cases of desensitization to sorafenib and imatinib have been described in the literature so far. Objective: The objective of this paper is to describe the process of the sorafenib and imatinib drug hypersensitivity diagnosis and desensitization process in two patients. Methods: Two oncology patients who experienced non-immediate hypersensitivity reactions to sorafenib and imatinib underwent desensitization to these drugs. We designed a protocol for the first patient and used a modified protocol from the literature for the second patient. Results: By using a slow desensitization technique and gradual tapering of corticosteroids and antihistamines, both patients reached the target dose of the incriminated drug. Conclusions: Desensitization to sorafenib and imatinib can be an effective therapeutic option in patients with hypersensitivity to those medications, without alternative treatment options.

Introduction:
Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) represent adverse effects of drugs that may vary in clinical presentation and outcome. With the increasing availability of a wide variety of medications, the frequency of DHRs is also increasing. According to Coombs and Gell’s classification, there are four different types of DHRs: type I (IgE-mediated), type II (antibody-mediated cytotoxicity reactions), type III (immune-complex-mediated) and type IV (delayed hypersensitivity). However, the growing understanding of DHRs has…

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