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Research Article: Associations of prognostic nutritional index with cardiovascular all-cause mortality among CVD patients with diabetes or prediabetes: evidence from the NHANES 2005–2018

Date Published: 2025-02-12

Abstract:
Background: Immunonutritional status is linked to the prognosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes, but the relationship between immunonutritional disorders and clinical outcomes in CVD patients with diabetes is unclear. This study aims to investigate the association of the novel immunonutritional indicator of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) with all-cause and CVD mortality in diabetic and prediabetic CVD patients.

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